Modified biomass adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants: a review of batch and optimization studies

Abstract Modification of the adsorbent surfaces has been considered a fascinating strategy that enhances biomass-based adsorption properties for efficient removal organic pollutants. This is based on attempt to replace cost-ineffectiveness commercial activated carbon. The present study discusses different modification strategies and review modified biomass materials sorption contaminants. Unlike previous literatures in field, wider range these pollutants are discussed this under categories including pesticides (such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides), pharmaceutical (e.g. analgesic antipyretic drugs, antibiotic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs antimalaria drugs), dyes azo, xanthene, miscellaneous diagnostic, tri-aryl methane, phenol-derived polymeric dyes). It was observed acid-activated Posidonia oceanica HNO 3 -modified rice husk displayed highest lowest capacities 2681.9 0.35 mg/g removing Rhodamine B dye methyl parathion pesticide, respectively. mechanistic aspects adsorption, their corresponding regeneration studies, environmental challenges with chemical modifications also discussed. use computational (optimization) models adsorbents remove devoid reviews but study. To foster more advancement concluding part presents various knowledge gaps furthering research towards realistic industrial implementations.